and JavaScript.The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has been suggested as a promising pharmacological agent for medication-enhanced psychotherapy in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) because of its anxiolytic and prosocial properties. Neuropsychopharmacology Nawijn L, van Zuiden M, Koch SBJ, Frijling JL, Veltman DJ, Olff M (2016b). Furthermore, we included a specific, highly traumatized sample of police officers, who experienced police-related traumatic events. 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This is in line with a previous study, in which reduced subjective anxiety during public speaking stress in healthy males was observed after a single OT administration (In contrast to a previous intranasal fMRI resting-state study in which increased amygdala to vmPFC connectivity was found after OT administration in healthy individuals (Notably, our male and female PTSD patients showed distinct amygdala functional connectivity abnormalities compared with their same-sex traumatized controls, suggesting that the underlying neurobiological correlates of PTSD differs for males and females To our knowledge, to date only one fMRI study investigated sex differences in functional connectivity of amygdala subregions, albeit in relation to the personality trait harm avoidance in healthy individuals (Presumably, the effects of OT administration on amygdala subregion connectivity in PTSD patients may be associated with dampened fear expression toward threat-related stimuli. Institutional Login (a) Statistical map of the drug by group by sex interaction effect regarding functional connectivity of the right centromedial amygdala (CeM) with the left ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Recent efforts to enhance intranasal oxytocin delivery via improved intranasal delivery technology and dose-ranging studies are discussed.Oxytocin is a neuropeptide known for its role in uterine contraction during labor and milk ejection during nursing. 11Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Vol. Several lines of evidence now suggest that the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) may be an effective treatment for the core social deficits in autism. Although causal relations cannot be inferred from these correlational data, the increased connectivity between the CeM and vmPFC after OT administration observed in male PTSD patients may suggest increased prefrontal control over the amygdala. ( 2016a ) lateral septum, Wood a, Angstadt M, Koch SBJ Frijling. 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