Coulombe J, Powell J, Hatami A, McCuaig C, Renet S, Marcoux D. Diseases of abnormal sensitivity to cold in children on psychostimulant drugs.
Stringer T, Femia AN. Bunker CB, Terenghi G, Springall DR, Polak JM, Dowd PM.
Generali J, Cada D. Nitroglycerin (topical): Raynaud's phenomenon. Increased tyrosine phosphorylation mediates the cooling-induced contraction and increased vascular reactivity of Raynaud's disease. Topical nitroglycerin is used in Raynaud phenomenon for its local vasodilatory effects.Topical nitroglycerin is used in Raynaud phenomenon for its local vasodilatory effects.Phosphodiesterases are a complex group of enzymes that help to tightly regulate the degradation of intracellular cyclic nucleotides. Smitaman E, Pereira BP, Huang BK, Zakhary MM, Fliszar E, Resnick DL.
Destors JM, Gauthier E, Lelong S, Boissel JP. Bakst R, Merola JF, Franks AG Jr, Sanchez M. Raynaud's phenomenon: pathogenesis and management. Candesartan blocks the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II.
The novel use of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon in the toes.
The endothelin antagonist bosentan Dhaliwal K, Griffin M, Denton CP, Butler PEM.
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Kawaguchi Y, Takagi K, Hara M, et al. Calcium channel blockers for primary Raynaud's phenomenon. During the test, the doctor examines the skin at the base of your fingernail under a microscope or magnifier for deformities or enlargement of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries).If your doctor suspects that another condition, such as an autoimmune or connective tissue disease, underlies Raynaud's, he or she will likely order blood tests, such as:No one blood test can diagnose Raynaud's.
Raynaud's syndrome can be managed with medicines that dilate blood vessels, such as calcium channel blockers, alpha blockers, and other vasodilators. Quarta S, Galea N, Gigante A, Romaniello A, Rosato E, Carbone I.
Raynaud phenomenon showing demarcation of color difference.
The acute effects of cigarette smoking on cutaneous blood flow in smoking and non-smoking subjects with and without Raynaud's phenomenon. A 9-year-old with Raynaud phenomenon. Fluoxetine selectively inhibits presynaptic serotonin reuptake with minimal or no effect in the reuptake of norepinephrine or dopamine. It may scavenge oxygen-derived free radicals and improve endothelium-dependent vasodilation. This is a lesser known etiology of … Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below.
Photo of a patient with Raynaud phenomenon that resulted from working with a jackhammer.
If you're interested, talk to your doctor about:Your doctor may be able to suggest a therapist who can help you learn biofeedback techniques. 2009;48:791. Irbesartan blocks the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II at the tissue receptor site In addition, it does not affect the response to bradykinin and is less likely to be associated with cough and angioedema. The best strategies to avoid … Raynaud phenomenon and mortality: 20+ years of follow-up of the Charleston Heart Study cohort. Doses may need to be adjusted for renal or hepatic impairment. Purdie GL, Purdie DJ, Harrison AA. Merritt WH.
Relation of Nailfold Capillaries and Autoantibodies to Mortality in Patients With Raynaud Phenomenon. Prospective nailfold capillaroscopy evaluation of Raynaud's phenomenon in children and adolescents. Treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. Other agents used in treatment of Raynaud phenomenon include the following:These agents are used for vasodilation and possible antiplatelet effects. Some of the most common medications used to manage Raynaud’s syndrome are calcium channel blockers (e.g. The cardiac magnetic resonance in the diagnosis of cardiac Raynaud phenomenon in a patient with systemic sclerosis: case report and review of literature. Anticoagulants prevent recurrent or ongoing thromboembolic occlusion of the vertebrobasilar circulation. Auricular electroacupuncture reduces frequency and severity of Raynaud attacks.