Where LPV/r is not a feasible option, NVP is a safe alternative in the first 2 years of life, but is discouraged in older children due to concerns of severe hypersensitivity reactions in HIV-uninfected individuals [LPV/r was also considered a viable option for children aged >3 years due to the similar efficacy and safety profile demonstrated in the only randomized trial available in this age group [Although there is a clear rationale to use other drugs such as ritonavir-boosted atazanavir, ritonavir-boosted darunavir, or raltegravir, no comparative evidence is currently available in children, and lack of or limited access to age-appropriate formulations remains a barrier to their use in most resource-limited settings. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
In the second review, safety and efficacy data for drugs used in ART were assessed. These studies reported outcomes of children (age range, 1–18 years) given zidovudine (ZDV) plus 3TC as a 2-drug PEP regimen following mass needle-stick injury in South Africa [For the review of treatment studies evaluating efficacy and safety of different NRTI backbones, 1 randomized trial was identified. A health care worker who has a possible exposure to HIV should seek medical attention immediately.PEP must be started within 72 hours (3 days) after a possible exposure to HIV. Melbourne, 18–19 July 2014Routine versus clinically driven laboratory monitoring and first-line antiretroviral therapy strategies in African children with HIV (ARROW): a 5-year open-label randomised factorial trialConsolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: recommendations for a public health approachInfant lopinavir/r versus 3TC to prevent postnatal HIV-1 transmission: the ANRS 12174 trial [abstract 70]21st Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI)End users' views and preferences on prescribing and taking postexposure prophylaxis for prevention of HIV: methods to support World Health Organization guideline developmentSerious adverse events attributed to nevirapine regimens for postexposure prophylaxis after HIV exposures—worldwide, 1997–2000© The Author 2015. In addition, the number of subjects included and the number of events observed reported in both reviews were very small. The side effects can be treated and aren’t life-threatening. It is not meant for regular use by people who may be exposed to HIV frequently. Your comment will be reviewed and published at the journal's discretion. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Search for other works by this author on:
Get the latest public health information from CDC: PEP stands for post-exposure prophylaxis. Search for other works by this author on:
Thank you for submitting a comment on this article. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwideFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. This choice is further supported by results from a recent randomized trial that found no significant difference in efficacy and tolerance comparing LPV/r and 3TC as part of postnatal prophylaxis [Although alignment of PEP regimens with current postnatal prophylaxis recommendations which favor NVP would overcome the challenge of ensuring cold chain requirements and availability of LPV/r in the existing formulation at the point of use, the experience with using NVP in young children beyond the first year of age is fairly limited. Correspondence: Martina Penazzato, MD, MSc, PhD, Department HIV/AIDS, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (
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Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration
A Veterinarian From Vermont Presenting With a Painful Right Index Finger Following a Needlestick Injury That Occurred While Caring for a Dog
Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Child HealthStellenbosch University and Tygerberg Children's Hospital
If you are taking PEP, talk to your health care provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.This fact sheet is based on information from the following sources:
PEP should be used only in emergency situations. As pediatric formulations for newer, more tolerable, and more potent antiretrovirals become more widely available for younger children in resource-limited settings, consideration should be given to including them in future PEP guidelines.In conclusion, this systematic analysis supports the use of ZDV+3TC+LPV/r as the preferred 3-drug regimen for HIV PEP.